Bilişim Teknolojileri Alanı-Kaynak Site- Ders Notları

İÇİNDEKLER

VER TABANI YÖNETM SSTEMLER......................................................................2
1. TEMEL VER TABANI KAVRAMLARI.................................................................2
1.1. Veri Nedir?...................................................................................................2
1.2. Veri Taban¨ Nedir ?......................................................................................3
1.3. Veri Modeline Göre Veritaban¨ Yönetim Sistemleri......................................4
1.4. Neden Veritaban¨ Kullan¨l¨r?........................................................................6
1.5. Veri Taban¨ Yönetim Sistemlerinin Salad¨¨ Yararlar.................................7
1.6. Bilinen VTYS Programlar¨ ............................................................................7
1.7. Proje ve VTYS aras¨ndaki iliki.....................................................................8
2. VER ve VER MODELLER..............................................................................10
2.1. Model Nedir?..............................................................................................10
2.2. Veri Kavram¨ ..............................................................................................11
2.2.1. Veri Güvenlii......................................................................................12
2.2.2. Veri Tekrar¨ ve Veri Bütünlüü............................................................12
2.3. Veri Modeli.................................................................................................13
2.3.1. Yap¨lar.................................................................................................13
2.3.2. K¨s¨tlar.................................................................................................14
2.3.3. lemler ...............................................................................................14
2.4. Bal¨ca Veri Modelleri.................................................................................15
2.4.1. Basit Veri Modelleri.............................................................................15
2.4.2. Gelitirilmi Veri Modelleri................................................................... 16
3. VER TABANI TEMEL KAVRAMLARI...............................................................22
3.1. Tablo ve Elemanlar¨...................................................................................22
3.2. Veri Tipi (Data Type)..................................................................................23
3.2.1. Access Veri Taban¨ Veri Tipleri...........................................................23
3.2.2. MySQL Veri Taban¨ Veri Tipleri...........................................................24
3.2.3. Oracle Veri Taban¨ Veri Tipleri............................................................24
3.3. Zorlay¨c¨ (Constraint)..................................................................................25
3.4. Anahtar (Key).............................................................................................26
3.5. Index (ndeks)............................................................................................27
3.6. View (Görüntü)...........................................................................................27
3.7. Joining (ilikilendirme)................................................................................28
4. VER TABANI TASARIMI ve NORMALZASYONU...........................................29
4.1. Veri Taban¨ Tasar¨m¨..................................................................................29
4.2. Veri Taban¨ Normalizasyonu...................................................................... 33
4.3. likisel Veri Taban¨ Yönetim Sistemleri.....................................................35
5. ÖRNEK BR VER TABANI TASARIMI ve NORMALZASYONU......................37
5.1. Örnek Personel Projesi Veri Taban¨ Tasar¨m¨............................................37
6. SQL VER LEME DL....................................................................................41
6.1. SQL Nedir?................................................................................................41
6.2. Veri Taban¨ Programlar¨nda ve SQL de Deiken Tan¨mlama..................42
6.3. SQL Program¨ Çal¨t¨r¨lmas¨ ve Yaz¨m Kurallar¨........................................43
7. TEMEL SQL KOMUTLARI-I..............................................................................48
7.1. CREATE (Yarat) Komutu...........................................................................48
7.2. ALTER (Düzenle) TABLE Komutu..............................................................51
7.3. DROP (Sil) TABLE Komutu........................................................................52
7.4. DESCIRIBE Komutu...................................................................................52
7.5. INSERT (Ekle) Komutu..............................................................................53
8. TEMEL SQL KOMUTLARI-II.............................................................................60
8.1. SELECT (Seç) Komutu..............................................................................60
8.1.1. SQL Operatörleri.................................................................................62
8.1.2. Order By..............................................................................................65
8.1.3. Distinct................................................................................................67
8.2. UPDATE (Güncelle) Komutu......................................................................68
8.3. DELETE (Sil) Komutu.................................................................................70
9. SQL ’de FONKSYONLAR ................................................................................71
9.1. SUM (Topla) Fonksiyonu............................................................................71
9.2. AVG (Ortalama) Fonksiyonu......................................................................71
9.3. MAX (En Büyük) Fonksiyonu.....................................................................72
9.4. MIN (Em Küçük) Fonksiyonu......................................................................72
9.5. COUNT (Say) Fonksiyonu..........................................................................73
10. SQL ’de GRUPLANDIRMA............................................................................75
10.1. GROUP BY (Grupland¨r) Deyimi.............................................................75
10.2. HAVING (Sahip) Deyimi.........................................................................77
11. SQL ’de JOIN (BRLETRME) LEM.........................................................79
11.1. JOIN (Birletirme) lemi.........................................................................79
11.2. JOIN lemine Ait Örnekler.....................................................................83
12. SQL ’de YÖNETMSEL FONKSYONLAR.....................................................87
12.1. VIEWS ( Tablo Görünümü).....................................................................87
12.2. CREATE TABLESPACE (Tablo Uzay¨ = Veri Alan¨)...............................89
12.3. CREATE USER (Kullan¨c¨).....................................................................89
12.4. CREATE ROLE......................................................................................90
12.5. CREATE INDEX.....................................................................................90
12.6. CREATE SEQUENCE............................................................................91
12.7. GRANT...................................................................................................91
12.8. REVOKE.................................................................................................91
KAYNAKLAR………………………………………………………………………………..92

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Yazan : YRD.DOC. DR. ZEHRA ALAKOÇ BURMA